WH CH 1-1

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WH CH 1-1

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy ?

The years 1300 to 1600 saw a rebirth of learning and culture in Europe called the Renaissance. This rebirth spread north from Italy. It began there for three reasons. First, Italy had several important cities. Cities were places were places where people exchanged ideas. Second, these cities included a class of merchants and bankers who were becoming wealthy and powerful. This class strongly believed in the idea of individual achievement. Third, Italian artists and scholars were inspired by the ruined buildings and other reminders of classical Rome.

In what country did the Renaissance start?

a.	France	c.	Rome
b.	Italy	d.	Greece

What inspired the artists and writers of the Renaissance?

a.	Ancient Egypt	c.	American Cinema
b.	Ancient Rome	d.	Greek Military Might

Which group of people believed in the power of the individual

a.	soldiers	c.	politicians
b.	artists	d.	bankers and merchants

What does Renaissance mean?

a.	political and social freedom	c.	rebirth of learning and culture
b.	return to the dark ages	d.	Italian power

What new values did people hold?

The new interest in the classical past led to an important value in Renaissance culture—humanism. This was a deep interest in what people have already achieved as well as what they could achieve in the future. Scholars did not try to connect classical writings to Christian teaching. Instead, they tried to understand them on their own terms.

In the Middle Ages, the emphasis had been mostly on spiritual values. Renaissance thinkers stressed secular ideas. These ideas centered on the things of the world. One way that powerful or wealthy people showed this interest in worldly things was by paying artists, writers, and musicians to create beautiful works of art. Wealthy people who supported artists were known as patrons.

People tried to show that they could master many fields of study or work. Someone who succeeded in many fields was admired greatly. The artist Leonardo da Vinci was an example of this ideal. He was a painter, a scientist, and an inventor. Men were expected to be charming, witty, well educated, well mannered, athletic, and self-controlled. Women were expected too have many accomplishments too. But, women were not to show them in public.

A Humanist is likely to focus on

a.	the importance of the church	c.	the importance of the individual person
b.	the importance of Christianity	d.	the importance of the state

In the middle ages in Europe people focused on

a.	spiritual values	c.	Christianity
b.	the church	d.	all of these

Secular means

a.	things of the world	c.	Christianity
b.	religion	d.	Art

People who helped support artists during the Renaissance were called

a.	scientists	c.	secular monks
b.	patrons	d.	scholars

In the Renaissance people tried to show that they had _____ skills

a.	many	c.	no
b.	very few	d.	religious

How did art change during the Renaissance?

Renaissance artists sometimes used new methods. Sculptors made figures more realistic than those from the Middle Ages. Painters used perspective to create the illusion that their paintings were three-dimensional. The subject of artwork changed also. Art in the Middle ages was mostly religious. Renaissance artists reproduced other views of life. Michelangelo showed great skill as an architect, a sculptor, and a painter.

10.

During the Renaissance artists tried to show that their art had perspective. What does perspective mean?

a.	art that is one dimensional	c.	art that is abstract
b.	art that is three dimensional	d.	art that is colorful

11.

_____ was a sculpture, architect and painter.

a.	Van Gogh	c.	Pope Leo
b.	Leonardo DeCaprio	d.	Michelangelo

How did literature change during the Renaissance?

Renaissance writers also achieved greatness . Several wrote in the vernacular. This means they wrote in their native languages. It was a change from the Middle Ages, when most writing was done in Latin. Writers also changed their subject matter. They began to express their own thoughts and feelings. Sometimes they gave a detailed look at an individual. Dante and others wrote poetry, letters, and stories that were more re a l i s t i c . Niccol Machiavelli took a new approach to understanding government. He focused on telling rulers how to expand their power. He believed rulers should do what was politically effective, even if it was not morally right.

12.

During the Middle Ages most people wrote in

a.	Greek	c.	Latin
b.	Their native language	d.	English

13.

This assignment is written in

a.	the vernacular	c.	Old English
b.	Renaissance English	d.	pig Latin

14.

Niccol Machiavelli was a Renaissance writer who gave advice to

a.	politicians and rulers	c.	scholars
b.	common people	d.	artists

15.

Niccol Machiavelli advised rulers that

a.	they should always do what was morally correct	c.	they should do whatever they needed to do to stay in power
b.	staying in power was not really very important	d.	the people were more important than power

Leonardo, Renaissance Man Leonardo da Vinci (LAY? •uh? •NAHR? •doh duh? •VIHN? •chee) was a painter, sculptor, inventor, and scientist. A true “Renaissance man,” he was interested in how things worked. He studied how a muscle moves and how veins are arranged in a leaf. He filled his notebooks with observations and sketches. Then he incorporated his findings in his art.

Among his many masterpieces, Leonardo painted one of the best-known portraits in the world, the Mona Lisa (page 44). The woman in the portrait seems so real that many writers have tried to explain the thoughts behind her smile. Leonardo also produced a famous religious painting, The Last Supper. It shows the personalities of Jesus’ disciples through facial expressions and body positions.

16.

da Vinci was interested in how things worked. He studied the human body and other things in nature. What did he do with this knowledge?

a.	nothing	c.	taught physics at the university
b.	made it part of his art	d.	kept it hidden so as not to anger the pope

17.

How does da Vinci show the personalities of the disciples in the “Last Supper?”

a.	he does not show their personalities, only what they looked like.	c.	through quotes from the bible
b.	through their facial expressions and body positions	d.	through perspective

Raphael Advances Realism Raphael (RAHF? •ee? •uhl) Sanzio was younger than Michelangelo and Leonardo. He learned from studying their works. One of Raphael’s favorite subjects was the Madonna and child. Raphael often portrayed their expressions as gentle and calm. He was famous for his use of perspective.

In his greatest achievement, Raphael filled the walls of Pope Julius II’s library with paintings. One of these, School of Athens (page 45), conveys the classical influence on the Renaissance. Raphael painted famous Renaissance figures, such as Michelangelo, Leonardo, and himself, as classical philosophers and their students.

18.

In “Mother and Child,” Raphael shows

a.	God and his mother	c.	Mary and Jesus as real people
b.	symbols rather than real people	d.	Mary and Jesus as two dimensional symbols

19.

What does the perspective in the “School of Athens,” achieve?

a.	It makes the figures seem real	c.	it makes the painting seem 2 dimensional and flat
b.	it make the painting seem humorous (funny)	d.	it makes the painting 3 dimensional with depth

Matching

a.	patron	d.	perspective
b.	secular	e.	Renaissance
c.	humanism	f.	vernacular

20.

a Renaissance intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements.

21.

a person who supports artists, especially financially.

22.

a period of European history, lasting from about 1300 to 1600, during which renewed interest in classical culture led to far-reaching changes in art, learning, and views of the world

23.

an artistic technique that creates the appearance of three dimensions on a flat surface.

24.

concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters.

25.

the everyday language of people in a region or country.