Multiple Choice Identify the choice that
best completes the statement or answers the question.
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![nar001-1.jpg](his_cw-11_vietnam_files/nar001-1.jpg) | It was a
conflict that devastated one nation and divided another. Vietnam brought a new dimension to the Cold
War -- and forced the United States to rethink its goals in the superpower
rivalry. DIVIDED For eight years, Vietnam was a colonial battleground -- as France
fought a nationalist movement led by Ho Chi Minh. Despite financial backing from the United States,
the French lost control of Vietnam in 1954 -- after a Vietnamese force captured the French outpost at
Dien Bien Phu. An international peace conference in Geneva temporarily divided Vietnam into a
communist-led North and non-communist South and agreed that countrywide elections would be held in
1956. America opposed the elections, fearing the communists would gain control. The elections were
never held.
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1.
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The names of the two countries to the West of Vietnam, through which parts of
the Ho Chi Minh trail went were named _____ and _____
a. | Burma - Vietnam | c. | Thailand - Laos | b. | China - Laos | d. | Laos - Cambodia |
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2.
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Saigon was the capital of
a. | North Vietnam | c. | The DMZ | b. | South Vietnam | d. | Laos |
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3.
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Hanoi was the capital of
a. | North Vietnam | c. | Cambodia | b. | South Vietnam | d. | Laos |
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4.
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What was the final battle that drove the French out of Vietnam?
a. | Ho Chi Minh | c. | the battle of la Drang | b. | the battle of
Hue | d. | Dien Bien
Phu |
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DIVIDED For eight years, Vietnam was a colonial battleground -- as France fought
a nationalist movement led by Ho Chi Minh. Despite financial backing from the United States, the
French lost control of Vietnam in 1954 -- after a Vietnamese force captured the French outpost at
Dien Bien Phu. DMZ Vietnam's Demilitarized Zone was established in 1954 at the
Geneva conference -- which created Vietnam from the former French colony of Indochina. It was meant
to be a temporary divide between the rival governments in the north and south of the country -- a
six-mile-wide buffer zone. But the DMZ soon became the de facto border between the communist North
and the Catholic South Vietnam.
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5.
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What was the name of the divide between North and South Vietnam
a. | 38th parallel | c. | Communist divide | b. | Ho Chi Minh Trail | d. | Demilitarized Zone
DMZ |
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6.
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Communism preaches atheism and they have been persecuting Catholics for a
long time. At one time a large percentage of the Vietnamese people were Catholics and Vietnam’s
Catholics were afraid of the communists. After 1955, where did most of the Vietnamese Catholics
reside?
a. | Laos | c. | South Vietnam | b. | Cambodia | d. | North Vietnam |
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IRON FISTS The North Vietnamese embarked on radical land reforms, persecuting and
imprisoning landowners and aggravating a refugee crisis. By 1955, close to a million people had fled
south. In South Vietnam, the United States supported the regime of President Ngo Dinh
Diem, a catholic anti-communist determined to resist Hanoi. To fight Diem and unite Vietnam under
the Hanoi government, the communists in 1960 created the National Liberation Front -- the guerrilla
organization also known as the Viet Cong. Groups such as the Viet Cong were encouraged by Moscow.
U.S. President John F. Kennedy, after suffering a setback against the communists in Cuba and trying
to control the crisis in Berlin, wanted to show U.S. resolve in Asia. He sent American military
advisers to South Vietnam. His advisors, including Robert McNamara, began early to organize and
plan U.S. operations in Vietnam.
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7.
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What U.S. president began America’s involvement in Vietnam?
a. | Kennedy | c. | Nixon | b. | Johnson | d. | Roosevelt |
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8.
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Who was the leader of South Vietnam in the early 60’s?
a. | Ho Chi Minh | c. | Ngo Dinh Diem | b. | Cho En Lai | d. | Dien Biem Phu |
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9.
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What fact made Vietnam part of the Cold War and more than just a civil war
between Vietnam factions?
a. | The Soviet Union backed North Vietnam and the Vietcong | c. | The side that eventually took
control of Vietnam would put the communists or the West in a position to take control of the rest of
Southeast Asia (domino theory) | b. | The U.S. backed the government of South
Vietnam | d. | All of these facts
are true |
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10.
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Why did millions of people flee from the North to South Vietnam
a. | escape from capitalist reforms | c. | better farming in the
South | b. | escape from communism | d. | escape the North Vietnam draft |
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OVERTHROW Diem's attempts to control the Viet Cong grew more extreme and
created growing discontent in South Vietnam. Several monks burned themselves to death as part of
public protests against the Diem regime. A group of Diem's generals turned against him.
On November 1, 1963, they attacked the Presidential Palace, believing they had or would have American
support. By the next day, the government was overthrown and Diem was dead, murdered by his own
soldiers. While the people of Saigon initially responded with enthusiasm to Diem's
overthrow, the coup left the country with no clear leader
| Diem - First
President of South Vietnam | | |
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11.
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Which of the following statements is true
a. | Diem was a communist and would have turned the country over to the
North | c. | The death of Diem and his family made the leadership of North Vietnam
weak | b. | The death of Diem and his family left a power vacuum in South Vietnam with no clear
leader. | d. | The generals who
took over after Diem unified the country in strong opposition to the
North |
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12.
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The generals who overthrew and murdered Diem had the support of
a. | the Johnson Administration | c. | the Nixon
Administration | b. | the Kennedy Administration | d. | no American government officials |
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GULF OF TONKIN Within weeks of Diem's murder, President Kennedy was
assassinated. Vice President Lyndon Johnson assumed office determined not to lose Vietnam
to the communists. He kept former President Kennedy’s foreign policy advisors. He sent
Defense Secretary Robert McNamara to South Vietnam to re-pledge U.S. support. In August 1964,
the USS Maddox, an American destroyer on patrol in the Gulf of Tonkin, exchanged fire with
North Vietnamese torpedo boats. Two days later, the ship's captain reported he was under attack
again. Despite conflicting evidence, the Pentagon insisted there had been a second unprovoked attack.
The incident prompted Johnson to push the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution through Congress. The
measure allowed LBJ to wage war in Vietnam | ![nar005-1.jpg](his_cw-11_vietnam_files/nar005-1.jpg) | | |
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13.
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Why did President Johnson push for the Gulf of Tonkin resolution?
a. | He wanted to unify support in Vietnam for the U.S. | c. | He wanted the support of Congress
so he could take further military action in Vietnam | b. | He wanted North Vietnam to give us a naval
base | d. | He wanted the support
of the former Kennedy administration and the people of South Vietnam |
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14.
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Robert McNamara was a key player in the Vietnam war. Who was he?
a. | U.S. Secretary of State | c. | Democratic Council
Chairman | b. | U.S. National Security Advisor Chairman | d. | U.S. Secretary of
Defense |
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15.
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Where is the Gulf of Tonkin?
a. | South Vietnam | c. | International Waters | b. | Southern China | d. | North Vietnam |
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16.
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Who was president when the Gulf of Tonkin incident took place?
a. | Kennedy | c. | Nixon | b. | Johnson | d. | McNamara |
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ESCALATION In March 1965, four months after Johnson was elected president by a
landslide, the first U.S. ground troops landed at Da Nang. Johnson was convinced that,
without the support of a massive U.S. force, South Vietnam was doomed. In response to the U.S. troop
buildup, North Vietnam began to send thousands of soldiers to fight in South Vietnam. In the Ia Drang
valley in Vietnam's central highlands, the North Vietnamese and U.S. armies met in the first
major battle of the war. It was an American victory -- but U.S. casualties were heavy. American
GIs, meanwhile, found themselves in a baffling war. They were unable to distinguish friend from
foe. American bombing and shelling drove tens of thousands of Vietnamese from their villages.
American television networks kept a running tally of the U.S. "body count." Johnson
attempted to force the North Vietnamese to the negotiating table by bombing North Vietnam --
including the Ho Chi Minh Trail, the primitive but highly effective supply line that linked North
Vietnam with its fighters and supporters in the South. But the tactic failed
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17.
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Why didn’t President Johnson give military aide to the South and let them
fight the war on their own?
a. | Congress was angry and wanted war | c. | Johnson was a “war
monger” | b. | He did not think the South could win on their own | d. | Johnson was a catholic and hated North
Vietnam |
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18.
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Which statement is true
a. | Because the Vietcong hid among the civilian population, the U.S. was forced to bomb
many Vietnam villages and farms | c. | The U.S. lost its first encounter with the communists at the battle
of Phu | b. | The U.S. won its first encounter with the Communists at Dien Bien
Phu | d. | all of these statements
are true |
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19.
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What is “Escalation”
a. | Every time one side builds up its forces, the other side builds up its forces
too | c. | The Ho Chi Minh trail | b. | The body count goes higher and
higher | d. | Verbalization |
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20.
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In 1965, President Johnson
a. | had only weak support in the U.S. | c. | decided to resign from
office | b. | was very unpopular because of the war | d. | was very popular in the United
States |
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21.
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Who was president with the war ended in Vietnam
a. | Johnson | c. | Nixon | b. | Kissinger | d. | McNamara |
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QUAGMIRE The growing scale and savagery of the war in Vietnam created growing
dissent back in the United States. Johnson was politically weakened by the anti-war movement.
In 1968, communist forces launched wide-scale attacks throughout South Vietnam to coincide with
Tet, the Vietnamese new year. The communists hoped to spark a general uprising across the country, a
mission that ultimately failed. But the strength of the offensive came as a shock to the American
public and Johnson. He offered to begin peace talks with the North Vietnamese -- and announced he
would not run for another term in office. In May 1968, peace talks began in Paris but soon
deadlocked. Richard Nixon, who had begun his campaign for the presidency, called for an
"honorable" end to U.S. military involvement in Vietnam. The North wanted full control
of the South and the U.S. believed it could not abandon South Vietnam. The war was to last another
four years, costing thousands more lives. President Nixon sent Henry Kissinger to negotiate with
the North and a peace treaty was eventually signed.
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22.
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What was the “quagmire” in Vietnam?
a. | The use of body count to measure the success of the war | c. | Getting bogged down
in a long “never ending” war | b. | The request for peace talks in Quagmire
France | d. | The use of guerilla
tactics by the North |
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23.
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If the U.S. was supplying and helping South Vietnam, who was helping and
supplying North Vietnam?
a. | France and Soviet Union | c. | China and Laos | b. | Soviet Union and
Cambodia | d. | Soviet Union and
China |
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24.
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Why did the peace talks drag on for so long?
a. | The U.S. did not want to sacrifice the people of South Vietnam to the
North | c. | The North did not want to return U.S. prisoners | b. | North Vietnam wanted
large sums of money from the U.S. | d. | The South wanted more territory in the North. |
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25.
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The Tet Offensive was
a. | a psychological loss but a military success for the North | c. | a military defeat
but a psychological victory for the North | b. | a psychological success and a military success
for the South | d. | a military
success and a psychological success for the North |
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Matching
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a. | ![grp001-1.jpg](his_cw-11_vietnam_files/grp001-1.jpg) Henry Kissinger | e. | ![grp001-5.jpg](his_cw-11_vietnam_files/grp001-5.jpg) Robert McNamara | b. | ![grp001-2.jpg](his_cw-11_vietnam_files/grp001-2.jpg) Ngo Dinh
Diem | f. | ![grp001-6.jpg](his_cw-11_vietnam_files/grp001-6.jpg) Ho Chi Minh | c. | ![grp001-3.jpg](his_cw-11_vietnam_files/grp001-3.jpg) Lyndon
Johnson | g. | ![grp001-7.jpg](his_cw-11_vietnam_files/grp001-7.jpg) Richard Nixon | d. | ![grp001-4.jpg](his_cw-11_vietnam_files/grp001-4.jpg) General William
Westmorland | h. | ![grp001-8.jpg](his_cw-11_vietnam_files/grp001-8.jpg) John F Kennedy |
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26.
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Kennedy Secretary of Defense who went to work for the Johnson administration
and was the main architect of the war in Vietnam
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27.
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In charge of American Military forces in Vietnam
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28.
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Leader of North Vietnam
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29.
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President of South Vietnam, who was assassinated in a coup
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30.
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Nixon’s foreign policy advisor who finally negotiated an end to the
Vietnam war
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31.
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President of the U.S. who is identified with the Vietnam war
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32.
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President who finally ended the Vietnam War
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33.
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This President was in office when the Vietnam war started
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