HIS FINAL SEMESTER 1

LAST: FIRST:

PERIOD:

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

What are the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution?

a.	Revolutionary War Amendments	c.	Bill of rights
b.	Ratification Amendments	d.	Civil war Amendments

Which 4 freedoms are embodied in the 1st amendment?

a.	religion, speech , fair trial, assembly	c.	no slavery, voting , poll tax, equal protection
b.	religion, press, speech, assembly	d.	Religion, no state church, free exercise of religion, no school prayer

Which amendment ensures that states must apply the laws equally to everyone, i.e. equal protection?

a.	1st	c.	10th
b.	9th	d.	14th

Which amendment abolished slavery?

a.	12th	c.	14th
b.	13th	d.	15th

Which amendment guarantees you right to own a gun?

a.	2nd	c.	4th
b.	3rd	d.	5th

Who was given the right to vote by the 15th amendment?

a.	black people	c.	white women
b.	women	d.	black men

Which amendment was cited by the Supreme Court in its ruling that separate schools for the races is illegal?

a.	13th	c.	15th
b.	14th	d.	20th

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

a.	Thomas Paine	c.	Samuel Adams
b.	Thomas Jefferson	d.	John Adams

According to the Declaration, what gave Americans the right to start their own government?

a.	The Constitution	c.	The laws of nature and natures God
b.	English Bill of Rights	d.	The laws of nature and the Bible.

10.

What are unalienable Rights?

a.	Rights for aliens	c.	Rights provided in the Constitution
b.	Rights provided by the Declaration of Independence	d.	Rights that cannot be taken away.

11.

According to the Declaration, what is the purpose of government?

a.	Provide services and a good life for the citizens.	c.	Protect unalienable rights of citizens
b.	To provide laws that apply equally to everyone.	d.	That point is not discussed in the Declaration.

12.

According to the Declaration, where does government get it’s power?

a.	The Constitution	c.	The consent of the governed
b.	The Bill of Rights	d.	The consent of the government

13.

Students are protesting the war in Iraq. The government tells them that they cannot protest. The students feel their rights are being violated so they call for the overthrow of the government and the installation of a Communist government in its place. What does the Declaration say about this.

a.	The students have a right to overthrow the government if it is destructive to their freedom.	c.	The students have a right to overthrow the government but not install a Communist government because Communists are dictators.
b.	The students have a right to protest but they do not have a right to overthrow the government.	d.	The students have to follow the procedures outlined in the Declaration to prove the government is oppressing them

14.

Tammany Hall was the name of

a.	a famous settlement house	c.	the New York City political machine
b.	the New York Customs House	d.	the federal courthouse in New York City

15.

An example of patronage would be

a.	bribing a government official	c.	saying one thing and doing another
b.	assassinating a public official	d.	appointing a friend to a political position

16.

Which of the following groups was considered the natural ally of political machines?

a.	nativists	c.	the urban lower class
b.	native-born citizens	d.	the wealthy upper class

17.

During the late 1800s, public elementary schools emphasized all of the following except

a.	strict discipline.	c.	rote memorization
b.	citizenship skills	d.	job-training courses

18.

Booker T. Washington was known for supporting the idea of

a.	maintaining things as they were	c.	gradual movement toward integration
b.	rapid movement toward integration	d.	separating the races, but with true equality of services.

19.

What formally legalized racial segregation?

a.	Jim Crow laws	c.	Plessy v. Ferguson
b.	grandfather clauses	d.	United States v. Reese

20.

W. E. B. Du Bois was known for advocating

a.	maintaining things as they were	c.	gradual movement toward integration
b.	rapid movement toward integration	d.	separating the races, but with true equality of services

21.

Jim Crow laws

a.	separated the races	c.	denied voting rights to African Americans
b.	denied citizenship to Asian immigrants	d.	promoted discrimination against women.

22.

In the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that

a.	lynching was a federal crime	c.	voting rights could not be tied to any form of tax
b.	school segregation was unconstitutional	d.	racial segregation in public accommodations such as trains and busses was legal

23.

In the mid-1800s, most women who held jobs worked as

a.	clerks	c.	servants.
b.	teachers	d.	factory workers

24.

In The Jungle, Upton Sinclair exposed

a.	dangers faced by working children	c.	the corrupt business practices of the Standard Oil Company.
b.	unsanitary conditions in the meat-packing industry	d.	illegal deals between special interests and the U.S. Forest Bureau

25.

A new federal income tax was enacted mainly because

a.	newly created federal agencies needed to be funded.	c.	the government had lost revenue by enacting lower tariffs.
b.	demands for social welfare had drained the federal budget	d.	the division between the rich and poor was growing too wide

26.

Oversaw banking reform and the founding of the Federal Reserve System

a.	Theodore Roosevelt	c.	Woodrow Wilson
b.	William H. Taft	d.	None of these

27.

Which country’s residents became citizens of the U.S. in 1917?

a.	Cuba	c.	Puerto Rico
b.	Hawaii	d.	The Phillipines

28.

While Cuba was in rebellion, Americans were angtered by a letter from Spanish minister to the U.S. that accused McKinley of being

a.	Weak	c.	A white livered cur
b.	Corrupt	d.	An imperialist

29.

The Boxer Rebellion was an attempt by Chinese revolutionaries to

a.	Restore the Manchu dynasty to power	c.	Set up a democratic government in China
b.	Remove foreigh influence from China	d.	Set up a communisht government in China

30.

Theodore Roosevelt won the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize for

a.	Leading the Rough Riders	c.	Negotiating the Treaty of Paris of 1898
b.	Developing the Roosevelt Corollary	d.	Negotiating an end to the Russo-Japanese war

31.

In which of the following conflicts were U.S. military troops involved?

a.	The Boxer Rebellion	c.	The Hawaiian revolution
b.	The Russo-Japanese War	d.	Cuba’s first war for independence

32.

The United States gained control of the land it needed to build the Panama Canal by

a.	Negotiating with Colombia	c.	Implementing the Open Door Policy
b.	Invading the attacking Colombia	d.	Encouraging and supporting Panamanian independence

33.

The Open Door Policy was designed by President Theodore Roosevel as a way for the U.S. to further

a.	Its trade interests	c.	International diplomacy
b.	Its desires to annex foreign nations	d.	The establishment of democratic governments

34.

All of the following have historically been considered to be causes of World War I except

a.	American isolationism	c.	the stockpiling of weapons
b.	imperialist competition	d.	the nationalism of ethnic groups

35.

The event that triggered World War I was an assassination that occurred in

a.	Bosnia.	c.	Alsace-Lorraine
b.	Belgium.	d.	the Ottoman Empire

36.

The German population suffered widespread starvation during the war, largely as a result of

a.	a severe drought	c.	the British blockade of Germany
b.	the devaluation of German currency	d.	the Allied bombing of German farms.

37.

The United States was able to overcome the threat of German U-boats by using

a.	airplanes.	c.	ships flying neutral flags
b.	groups of guarded ships.	d.	heavily armored battleships

38.

World War I was the first time that the U.S. Army

a.	inducted drafted soldiers	c.	allowed women in combat positions
b.	segregated troops by race	d.	trained African Americans as officers

39.

The U.S. Senate’s opposition to U.S. membership in the League of Nations centered on the belief that it would

a.	lead to international instability	c.	interfere with free-trade agreements
b.	be a drain on American finances.	d.	drag the country into European conflicts.

40.

What country did Austria-Hungary blame for the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?

a.	Serbia	c.	France
b.	Russia	d.	Great Britain

41.

Which of the following was most responsible for turning American public opinion against Germany?

a.	German U-boat activities	c.	the British naval blockade of Germany
b.	Germany’s actions in Belgium	d.	Germany’s war efforts on the Eastern Front

42.

Which of the following nations suffered the fewest casualties in the war?

a.	France	c.	Austria-Hungary
b.	Great Britain	d.	the United States

43.

Wilson’s “Fourteen Points” peace plan was rejected by

a.	Allied leaders	c.	the U.S. Senate.
b.	the Germans	d.	the League of Nations

44.

Which president advocated a "Return to Normalcy?"

a.	Wilson	c.	Coolidge
b.	Harding	d.	Hoover

45.

The Russian revolution took place in

a.	1916	c.	1918
b.	1917	d.	1919

46.

After the Communists took control of Russia, they wanted to

a.	infiltrate the labor unions of other countries	c.	take control of all private property and ban religion
b.	spread communism to the other nations of the world	d.	do all of these things.

47.

The immigration policies of the 1920's limited immigration from all of the following countries except

a.	Italy	c.	China
b.	Mexico.	d.	England

48.

What is a tax on imported goods called?

a.	a tariff	c.	trust
b.	fine	d.	consumption tax

49.

The U.S. tried to help Germany by extending credit and making loans to Germany. What happened to most of the money?

a.	was spent on health care for German veterans	c.	paid to England and France to settle war reparations
b.	wasted on consumer goods	d.	used to build a new army and navy

50.

Reformers of the 1920's had long considered _____ a prime cause of corruption, crime, wife and child abuse, accidents on the job and other serious social problems.

a.	liquor	c.	cocaine
b.	heroin	d.	marijuana

51.

In the aftermath of _____ many Americans were tired of making sacrifices and wanted to enjoy life.

a.	World War Two	c.	The depression
b.	World War One	d.	Prohibition

52.

Many people believe that _____ led to the rise of crime in the 20's.

a.	19th Amendment	c.	Prohibition
b.	More women in the workplace and out of home.	d.	World War One

53.

When he hit a record 60 home runs for the Yankees in 1927, American went wild.

a.	Lou Gehrig	c.	Babe Ruth
b.	Joe DiMagio	d.	Ty Cobb

54.

He was a small town pilot who made the first nonstop solo flight across the Atlantic.

a.	F. Scott Fitzgerald	c.	Wm Montgomery
b.	Sinclair Lewis	d.	Charles Lindbergh

55.

This was a literary and artistic movement that celebrated African-American culture

a.	The Watts Renewal	c.	The Jazz Age
b.	The Harlem Renaissance	d.	The New Republic Movement

56.

Among the founders of this association of African-American and white reformers was W.E.B. Du Boise.

a.	The Urban League	c.	National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
b.	Black Separatist Movement	d.	U.S. Chamber of Commerce

57.

In what science course would the theory of evolution be most likely taught?

a.	physics	c.	geology
b.	biology	d.	chemistry

58.

The Harlem Renaissance refers to

a.	a struggle for civil rights led by the NAACP	c.	a program to promote African American Owned business
b.	a population increase in Harlem in the 20's	d.	a celebration of African American culture in literature and art.

59.

The "Great Migration" of 1910-1920 refers to the movement of

a.	immigrants from Europe to America	c.	African Americans from the U.S. to Africa
b.	people from rural areas to towns and large cities	d.	African Americans from the South to the Northern cities

60.

During the 1920s, which of the following increased?

a.	farmers’ debts	c.	foreign demand for U.S. farm products
b.	prices for farm products	d.	domestic demand for U.S. farm products

61.

Who ran against Herbert Hoover in the 1928 presidential election?

a.	Fred Hartley	c.	Calvin Coolidge
b.	Alfred E. Smith	d.	Franklin D. Roosevelt

62.

The Dust Bowl created a migration of people moving mainly

a.	east	c.	north.
b.	west.	d.	south

63.

In calling shantytowns “Hoovervilles,” people conveyed their

a.	patriotism	c.	disgust with Hoover
b.	trust in Hoover	d.	grudging respect for Hoover

64.

The Bonus Army consisted of

a.	World War I veterans and their families.	c.	unemployed industrial workers and their families
b.	farmers forced off their land by dust storms.	d.	business and labor leaders who agreed to work together

65.

Who ran for president in the 1932 election?

a.	Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover	c.	Herbert Hoover and Alfred E. Smith
b.	Calvin Coolidge and Franklin D. Roosevelt	d.	Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt

66.

During the 1920s, stock prices rose because

a.	money was decreasing in value	c.	investors who held stock in companies refused to sell it.
b.	U.S. corporations were steadily making larger profits	d.	investors were paying more for stock than it was actually worth

67.

During the 1920s, which of the following was true of farming conditions?

a.	Prices for farm products rose.	c.	Foreign demand for U.S. farm products rose
b.	Farmers paid off most of their debts.	d.	More crops were produced than could be sold

68.

When did key American industries first begin showing signs of being in financial trouble?

a.	in the years between World War I and the stock market crash	c.	n the years between the stock market crash and the passage of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff
b.	when the stock market crashed	d.	shortly after the Hawley-Smoot Tariff went into effect

69.

To buy stock on margin means that the buyer

a.	buys stock at a high price and sells it at a loss	c.	borrows part of the purchase price of the stock
b.	buys stock at a low price and sells it at a profit.	d.	agrees to split any potential gain or loss with the stockbroker

70.

When the Great Depression began, soup kitchens and bread lines
were mainly run by

a.	corporations.	c.	local and state government agencies.
b.	charitable institutions	d.	state and federal government agencies

71.

Who gave the order to remove the Bonus Army from its camp in the
nation’s capital?

a.	Congress	c.	the president
b.	the military	d.	the local police

72.

The Great Depression lasted from

a.	1929 to 1932	c.	1932 to 1941
b.	1929 to 1941	d.	1932 to 1945

73.

What was the first major action Roosevelt took as president?

a.	He called the first meeting of the “brain trust.”	c.	He closed all of the nation’s banks and ordered inspections.
b.	He proposed a reorganization of the Supreme Court.	d.	He established the Civil Works Administration to provide job relief

74.

Which of the following was a goal of the New Deal?

a.	increasing consumer purchasing power	c.	decreasing prices of farm goods
b.	increasing industrial and farm surpluses	d.	decreasing government regulation of business

75.

Which of the following was most directly responsible for creating new jobs and putting people to work?

a.	Social Security Act	c.	National Labor Relations Act
b.	Fair Labor Standards Act	d.	Works Progress Administration

76.

Which of the following New Deal programs was designed not simply to promote recovery from the Depression but to actually reform the economy?

a.	Social Security Act	c.	Works Progress Administration
b.	Civilian Conservation Corps	d.	Federal Emergency Relief Administration

77.

Who wrote the novel The Grapes of Wrath about the grim lives of Oklahomans fleeing the Dust Bowl during the Depression?

a.	Grant Wood	c.	Richard Wright
b.	John Steinbeck	d.	Pedro J. González

78.

Which of the following was directly responsible for creating new jobs
and putting people to work?

a.	Wagner Act	c.	Civilian Conservation Corps
b.	Social Security Act	d.	Agricultural Adjustment Act

The Articles

There are seven articles in the Constitution, identified by the Roman numerals I through VII. The first three articles establish the structure and explain the functions of the three branches of government: the legislative, the executive, and the judicial.

Article I outlines the legislative powers given to Congress and describes how laws should be made.

Article II, in a similar manner, tells how the executive branch-the presidency-is empowered to carry out the laws passed by Congress. It also tells how the president is elected. Article III establishes the judicial branch of the federal government.

Article III states that there shall be one Supreme Court and gives Congress the power to create lower courts. It also defines what kinds of cases the courts can hear.

The relations among states are outlined in Article IV, which describes how state governments and the federal government are linked together.

The amendment process, or how to change the Constitution, is described in Article V

Article VI makes the Constitution, laws passed by Congress, and treaties of the United States the "supreme law of the land." This part of Article VI is called the supremacy clause. The supremacy clause means that all U.S. citizens, as well as state and local governments, grant ultimate authority to federal laws, treaties, and the Constitution.

Finally, Article VII indicates that the Constitution was to go into effect after nine states ratified it.

79.

Which article explains how the Supreme Court will be organized?

a.	one	c.	three
b.	two	d.	four

80.

Which article explains the power of the presidency?

a.	one	c.	three
b.	two	d.	four

81.

Which article says the laws will be made by congress?

a.	one	c.	three
b.	two	d.	four

82.

What branch of government is responsible for carrying out the laws passed by Congress?

a.	legislative	c.	judicial
b.	executive	d.	senate

Amendments (changes to the constitution.)

The third part of the Constitution consists of twenty-seven amendments-formal changes to the basic document. The first ten amendments, known as the Bill of Rights, were added in 1791. The remaining seventeen amendments have been added since then. The last one, the Twenty-seventh Amendment, was added in 1992. Later in this chapter, we examine the amendments in more detail, as well as how the amendment process actually works. First though, we look at the major principles of government embodied in the U.S. Constitution.

83.

What are the first ten amendments to the Constitution called?

a.	the Colonial Amendments	c.	the Bill of Rights
b.	the Bill of Particulars	d.	the 4 Freedoms

84.

Which of the following most freed manufacturers from restrictions on
where factories could be built?

a.	electricity	c.	the railroads
b.	steel beams	d.	the telephone

85.

Andrew Carnegie gained control of a large percentage of the steel
industry by doing all of the following except

a.	buying out his suppliers	c.	underselling his competitors
b.	buying out his competitors	d.	cutting the quality of his products

86.

In which of the following places did 146 female workers die in a fire?

a.	Haymarket Square	c.	the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory
b.	the Pullman factory	d.	Carnegie Steel’s Homestead Plant

87.

In the late 1800s, collective bargaining was a technique used to

a.	expand industry	c.	restrict labor unions
b.	win workers’ rights	d.	organize labor unions

88.

Edwin L. Drake

a.	labor leader	c.	inventor or scientific innovator
b.	industrialist or robber baron	d.	politician

89.

Henry Bessemer

a.	labor leader	c.	inventor or scientific innovator
b.	industrialist or robber baron	d.	politician

90.

John D. Rockefeller

a.	labor leader	c.	nventor or scientific innovator
b.	industrialist or robber baron	d.	politician

91.

Thomas Alva Edison

a.	labor leader	c.	inventor or scientific innovator
b.	industrialist or robber baron	d.	politician

92.

Invented the telephone

a.	Edwin Drake	c.	Henry Bessemer
b.	Alexander Graham Bell	d.	Thomas Edison

93.

Perfected the incandescent light bulb at his research laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey

a.	Thomas Edison	c.	Alexander G. Bell
b.	General George Electric	d.	Westinghouse

94.

Developed an entire system for producing and distributing electrical power and organized power plants around the nation.

a.	Henry Kissenger	c.	Thomas Edison
b.	Christopher Sholes	d.	George Pullman

Matching

a.	Wagner Act	d.	Civilian Conservation Corps
b.	Social Security Act	e.	Tennessee Valley Authority
c.	Federal Securities Act	f.	Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

95.

This required corporations to provide complete, truthful information
on all stock offerings

96.

This rebuilt dams and provided hydroelectric power to an impoverished region

97.

Created through the Glass-Steagall Banking Act of 1933, this originally
protected up to $5,000 of an individual’s deposits

98.

This provided a pension for retired workers and their spouses and
aided people with disabilities, poor mothers with dependent children,
and the needy elderly

99.

This put hundreds of thousands of young single men to work building
roads, developing parks, planting trees, and helping in soil-erosion
and flood-control projects

100.

This listed unfair labor practices and established the National Labor
Relations Board to settle disputes between employers and employees.