CST CH-10

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CST CH-10

True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

The mysterious sinking of the U.S.S. Thomas fueled the movement for war with Spain.

The name for sensational and often irresponsible news headlines and stories is called Yahoo Journalism

General John J. Pershing led a force of 15,000 soldiers into Mexico in an attempt to capture Pancho Villa

Luis Munoz Rivera was a newspaper editor and supporter of statehood for Puerto Rico

The policy of using U.S. government funds to guarantee foreign loans and to justify U.S. insistence that Europe stay out of Western Affairs is sometimes called missionary diplomacy

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

All of the following stimulated U.S. imperialism except

a.	A need for a new source of cheap labor	c.	Political and military competition with other nations
b.	Economic competition with other nations	d.	A belief in the moral superiority of the Anglo-Saxon culture

Which country’s residents became citizens of the U.S. in 1917?

a.	Cuba	c.	Puerto Rico
b.	Hawaii	d.	The Phillipines

Who told the artist, Frederic Remington, “You furnish the pictures and I’ll furnish the war”?

a.	Jose Marti	c.	William McKinley
b.	Teddy Roosevelt	d.	William Randolph Hurst

While Cuba was in rebellion, Americans were angtered by a letter from Spanish minister to the U.S. that accused McKinley of being

a.	Weak	c.	A white livered cur
b.	Corrupt	d.	An imperialist

10.

The Boxer Rebellion was an attempt by Chinese revolutionaries to

a.	Restore the Manchu dynasty to power	c.	Set up a democratic government in China
b.	Remove foreigh influence from China	d.	Set up a communisht government in China

11.

Theodore Roosevelt won the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize for

a.	Leading the Rough Riders	c.	Negotiating the Treaty of Paris of 1898
b.	Developing the Roosevelt Corollary	d.	Negotiating an end to the Russo-Japanese war

12.

In which of the following conflicts were U.S. military troops involved?

a.	The Boxer Rebellion	c.	The Hawaiian revolution
b.	The Russo-Japanese War	d.	Cuba’s first war for independence

13.

The United States gained control of the land it needed to build the Panama Canal by

a.	Negotiating with Colombia	c.	Implementing the Open Door Policy
b.	Invading the attacking Colombia	d.	Encouraging and supporting Panamanian independence

14.

The Open Door Policy was designed by President Theodore Roosevel as a way for the U.S. to further

a.	Its trade interests	c.	International diplomacy
b.	Its desires to annex foreign nations	d.	The establishment of democratic governments

15.

The Hawaiian queen who was forced out of power by a revolution started by American business interests

a.	Queen Victoria	c.	Queen Mary Alaka
b.	Queen Waikiki	d.	Queen Liliuokalani

16.

The practice of strong countries taking economic, political, and military power over weaker countries

a.	reverse racism	c.	racism
b.	imperialism	d.	communism

17.

American admiral who urged the United States to build up its navy and take colonies overseas

a.	Alfred T. Mahan	c.	Wm. McKinley
b.	Theodore Roosevelt	d.	Sinclair Lewis

18.

American businessman who became president of the new government of Hawaii after the queen was pushed out

a.	Andrew Carnegie	c.	Sanford B. Dole
b.	Wm Mckinley	d.	Nelson Rockefella

19.

Political activist who worked for Cuban independence

a.	Fidel Castro	c.	Juan Baptista
b.	José Martí	d.	Pancho Villa

20.

General sent from Spain to Cuba to restore order in 1896

a.	Generalisimo Franco	c.	Valeriano Weyler
b.	Charles DeGaulle	d.	Jose Martin

21.

Reporting in newspapers and magazines that exaggerates the news in order to make it more exciting

a.	CNN	c.	muckraking
b.	yellow journalism	d.	New York Times

22.

U.S. warship that exploded in a Cuban harbor in 1898 killing many American sailors. The sinking outraged the American public. The newspapers blamed it on the Spanish causing the American public to favor war with Spain.

a.	U.S.S. Maine	c.	U.S.S. Theodore Roosevelt
b.	U.S.S. Olympia	d.	U.S.S. Cimarron

23.

U.S. naval commander who led the American attack on the Philippines and sunk the Spanish fleet in one day.

a.	John Paul Jones	c.	Alfred Mahan
b.	George Dewey	d.	Admiral Wyler

24.

Fighting unit led byTheodore Roosevelt in Cuba Charged up San Juan hill to defeat the Spanish

a.	Home Boys	c.	Light Brigade
b.	T.R.’s Horseman	d.	Rough Riders

25.

Location of an important American land victory in Cuba

a.	Havana Heights	c.	Havana Hill
b.	San Juan Hill	d.	Guantanimo

26.

Provisions in the Cuban constitution that gave the United States broad rights in that country until the Cubans could form a stable government.

a.	Havana Treaty	c.	Platt Amendment
b.	Monroe Doctrine	d.	Roosevelt Correlary

27.

A country that is partly controlled by another, stronger country because they are unable to protect themselves from other countries.

a.	dictatorship	c.	protectorate
b.	sphere of influence	d.	colony

28.

Filipino rebel leader

a.	Jose Marti	c.	Jose Marcus
b.	Emilio Aguinaldo	d.	Emilo Marcus

29.

U.S. secretary of state during the Spanish American War

a.	Colin Powell	c.	John Hay
b.	John Jay	d.	Allan Dullas

30.

Message sent by John Hay to other countries to protect U.S. trading rights in China and deny other countries “spheres of inluence” in China thereby protecting Chinese independence.

a.	Monroe Doctrine	c.	Chinese Colonial Notes
b.	Roosevelt Colloray to Monroe Doctrine	d.	Open Door notes (policy)

31.

Chinese rebellion against Western influence, 1900

a.	Boxer Rebellion	c.	KamaKazi revolt
b.	Chinese Revolt	d.	Emperess Revolt

32.

A channel across Central America, between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, opened in 1914

a.	Suez Canal	c.	Rio Grande Crossing
b.	Columbian Channel	d.	Panama Canal

33.

Roosevelt’s 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its interests in South and Central America by using military force

a.	Roosevelt Extension	c.	Roosevelt Doctrine
b.	Roosevelt Memo	d.	Roosevelt Corollary

34.

The policy of intervening in other countries to protect U.S. business interests

a.	dollar diplomacy	c.	Chamber of Commerce Doctrine
b.	business doctrine	d.	Imperial Authority Memo

35.

Mexican revolutionary

a.	Francisco “Pancho” Schneemann	c.	Fidel “Pancho” Castro
b.	Francisco “Pancho” Villa	d.	Jose Marin

36.

U.S. general who led troops to capture Villa and later led American troops in World War I

a.	General Douglas McCarther	c.	John J. Pershing
b.	George Patton	d.	George Sherman

Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.

Imperialism

Imperialism is the policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories

EUROPEAN IMPERIALISM

European nations had been establishing colonies for centuries . By the late 19th century, Africa had emerged as a prime target of European expansionism . Britain, France, Belgium, Italy, Germany, Portugal, and Spain competed for African raw materials and markets .The European countries were industrial nations and needed the raw materials from Asia and Africa to keep their industries going. These ambitious nations carved up Africa and distributed control of the pieces among themselves.

By the early 20th century, only Ethiopia and Liberia remained independent.The rest of Africa had been divided into European colonies . Americans watched as Great Britain acquired territory not only in Africa but in Asia and the Pacific as well. Soon the expression "The sun never sets on the British Empire" became astonishingly accurate . During the reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901), Britain built an empire that included a quarter of the world's land and people .

JAPANESE IMPERIALISM

Imperialism also surfaced in parts of Asia during this period. In its late-19th-century reform era, Japan replaced its old feudal order with a central government modeled on the bureaucracies of Western nations . Hoping that military strength would bolster industrialization, Japan joined European nations in their imperialist competition in China in the 1890s. Although the United States did not seek colonies in Asia, it did compete with other nations to expand trading opportunities with China.

37.

_____is the policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories

a.	capitalism	c.	socialism
b.	anti-imperialism	d.	imperialism

American Imperialism???

Most Americans gradually warmed to the idea of expansion overseas . With a belief in manifest destiny, they already had pushed the U .S. border to the Pacific Ocean . Manifest Destiny was a believe that the United States were destined to reach from the Atlantic to the Pacific ocean.

Three factors fueled the new American imperialism : (1) economic competition among industrial nations ; (2) political and military competition, including the creation of a strong naval force; and (3) a belief in the superiority of European countries and the United States.

Of course many social scientists would argue that America was only doing what all nations do, she was acting in her own self interest.

38.

What was the belief that the U.S. should reach from the Atlantic to the Pacific oceans called?

a.	imperialism	c.	incorporation theory
b.	manifest destiny	d.	the Monroe Doctrine

A THIRST FOR NEW MARKETS

In the United States, imperialism had economic roots, just as it did in Europe and Japan. Advances in technology enabled American farms and factories to produce far more than American citizens could consume. Now the United States needed raw materials for its factories and new markets for its manufactured goods. Imperialists viewed foreign trade as the solution to overproduction and the related problems of unemployment and economic depression. Indiana senator Albert J. Beveridge, a staunch imperialist, defended the pursuit of new territories on economic grounds.

By the turn of the century, the United States had started to fulfill Beveridge's goals. American exports, which had totaled $234 million at the end of the Civil War, rose to $1.5 billion by 1900. By achieving a favorable balance of trade (exporting more than it imported), the United States had become a leading economic power.

39.

By the turn of the century, American imperialist ideas were based mostly on

DESIRE FOR MILITARY STRENGTH

Seeing that other nations were establishing a global military presence, American foreign-policy experts advised that the United States build up its own military strength . Admiral Alfred T. Mahan, president of the Naval War College in Newport, Rhode Island, had become one of the most outspoken advocates of American military expansion .

In The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783 (1890), Mahan argued for a strong U.S . navy to defend the peacetime shipping lanes essential to American economic growth . He said the nation also needed strategically located bases where its fleets could refuel . Mahan urged the United States to develop a modern fleet, establish naval bases in the Caribbean, construct a canal across the Isthmus of Panama, and acquire Hawaii and other Pacific islands.

The United States built nine steel-hulled cruisers between 1883 and 1890. The construction of modern battleships such as the Maine and the Oregon transformed the country into the world's third largest naval power. With a modern fleet, the United States set out to accomplish the protectionist goals Mahan had recommended.

40.

Admiral Alfred Mayhan argued that America needed a strong navy to

a.	take control of Asia	c.	get control of colonies in Africa
b.	protect American economic interests	d.	get control of European colonies

The United States Takes Hawaii

The Hawaiian Islands had been economically important to the United States for nearly a century. Since the 1790s, American merchants had stopped there on their way to China and East India. In the 1820s, Yankee missionaries founded Christian schools and churches on the islands. Next came sugar merchants, who eventually changed the Hawaiian economy.

HAWAII'S ECONOMY

In the mid-19th century, American-owned sugar plantations accounted for about three-quarters of the islands' wealth . Plantation owners imported thousands of laborers from Japan, Portugal, and China. By 1900, foreigners and immigrant laborers outnumbered native Hawaiians about three to one .

Planters profited from close ties with the United States . An 1875 treaty allowed the sale of Hawaiian sugar in the United States without a duty. In 1887, business leaders in Hawaii forced King Kalakaua to change Hawaii's constitution to grant voting rights only to wealthy landowners . This change basically gave control of Hawaii's government to the American businessmen. Also in 1887, the United States strong-armed Hawaii into signing a treaty allowing the construction of an American naval base at Pearl Harbor.

The McKinley Tariff of 1890 provoked a crisis by eliminating the duty-free status of Hawaiian sugar. As a result, Hawaiian sugar growers faced competition in the American market, especially from Cuban sugar. American planters in Hawaii called for the United States to annex the islands so they wouldn't have to pay the duty.

41.

By the turn of the century the economy of Hawaii was based mostly on

a.	American owned sugar plantations	c.	American owned manufacturing
b.	Hawaiian owned sugar plantations	d.	Hawaiian owned manufacturing

42.

The main interest of America in Hawaii was

a.	native art	c.	economic
b.	medical research	d.	military

43.

The U.S. got Hawaii to change its constitution so

a.	only property owners could vote	c.	everyone except women could vote
b.	everyone could vote	d.	everyone but plantation workers could vote

Queen Liliuokalani

THE QUEEN IS DEPOSED

When King Kalakaua died in 1891, his sister, Liliuokalani, became queen. Liliuokalani proposed a new constitution that would remove property qualifications for voting . This change would have restored political power over the islands to native Hawaiians.

To prevent this from happening, business groups-with the help of U.S. ambassador John L,. Stevens-organized a revolution against the queen . On the night of January 16, 1893, the U .S .S . Boston appeared in Honolulu harbor. Following Stevens's orders, American marines moved ashore, supposedly to protect American lives and property. At the same time, volunteer troops took over the government building, imprisoned the queen in her palace, and established a provisional government with Sanford B. Dole as president.

REPUBLIC OF HAWAII

Stevens immediately recognized the provisional government, which sent a commission to Washington, D.C. and asked that the islands be annexed. Later a U.S. special investigator blamed Stevens for the revolution,

President Cleveland directed that the queen be restored to her throne . When Dole refused to surrender power, Cleveland-unwilling to use force formally recognized the Republic of Hawaii, but he refused to consider annexation unless a majority of Hawaiians favored it.

In 1897, William McKinley, who favored annexation, succeeded Cleveland as president. On August 12, 1898, Congress proclaimed Hawaii an American territory, without Hawaiians having had the chance to vote on annexation . At the same time, Cuba, an island much closer to the U.S . mainland, attracted U.S. attention

44.

What did the U.S. Marines do in regards to Queen Liliuokalani?

a.	In effect, they forced her out of power	c.	They put her in a prison
b.	They helped her to stay in power	d.	They ignored her and did nothing

45.

Who organized a revolt against Queen Liliuokalani?

a.	President Grover Cleveland	c.	William Dole
b.	President William McKinley	d.	Business leaders led by ambassador John Stevens

Matching

a.	Cuba	g.	George Dewey
b.	Jose Marti	h.	Philippine Islands
c.	San Jaun Hill	i.	yellow journalism
d.	U.S.S. Maine	j.	William McKinley
e.	Rough Riders	k.	Gen. Vareriano Weyler
f.	de Lome letter

46.

He asked Congress to declare war on Spain

47.

This volunteer cavalry unit fought in a famous land battle in Cuba

48.

this Cuban poet and journalist launched a Cuban revolution in 1895

49.

Soon after it was destroyed, the U.S. declared war on Spain

50.

This nation gained its independence in the Spanish-American War

51.

It criticized the American president, causing American public opinion to turn against Spain

52.

This general forced Cubans to relocate to concentration camps, where thousands died

53.

After the war, the U.S. paid $20 million to Spain for the annexation of this nation

54.

TR was declared the hero of this battle

55.

He was the naval commander who led the American forces that steamed into Manila Bay and destroyed the Spanish fleet.

a.	Puerto Rico	c.	Philippines
b.	Cuba	d.	China

56.

In which nation did the Boxer rebellion take place?

57.

Which nation was directly affected by the Foraker Act?

58.

For which nation’s independence did Emilio Aguinaldo fight?

59.

Which nation was focus of John Hay’s “Open Door Notes?”

60.

To which nation did the Treaty of Paris guarantee independence?

61.

Which nation did the Platt Amendment make a U.S. protectorate?

62.

Which nation was least affected by the Spanish-American Cuban War?

63.

Which nation attempted to achieve its independence by going to war agains the U.S.?

64.

At the turn of the century, which of these nations could be best described as an independent trading partner of the U.S.?

a.	Panama Canal	f.	Roosevelt Corollary
b.	John J. Pershing	g.	Mexican Revolution
c.	dollar diplomacy	h.	Venustiano Carranza
d.	Woodrow Wilson	i.	Missionary diplomacy
e.	Theodore Roosevelt	j.	Pancho Villa

65.

The Panama Canal was built during his presidency

66.

During his presidency, the U.S. and Mexico came close to war

67.

He led American forces into Mexico in pursuit of Mexican revolutionary leader

68.

American troops were went into Mexico to try to capture this Mexican revolutionary leader

69.

This term refers to the policy of using the U.S. government to guarantee loans made to foreign countries by American business people.

70.

Although this enhanced the power and prestige of the U.S., the circumstances under which it was created damaged U.S.-Latin American relations

71.

this term refers to the policy of denying recognition of Latin American governments that the U.S. viewed as oppressive, undemocratic or hostile to U.S. Interests.

72.

Also known as “big stick” diplomacy, this official American policy stated that disorder in Latin America could force the U.S. to send its military into Latin American nations to protect American economic interests.

a.	capitalist	k.	territory
b.	intervention	l.	brutality
c.	abolish	m.	oppressive
d.	occupation	n.	diplomat
e.	moral	o.	mediate
f.	isthmus	p.	racist
g.	recognize	q.	technology
h.	negotiate	r.	annex
i.	Filipino	s.	engineering
j.	turmoil	t.	in exile

73.

Add to a country as a territory or protectorate

74.

Applying science and mathematics to practical problems

75.

A person who invests money in business and believes in private property

76.

Cruel, harsh

77.

Put an end to

78.

Practical devices and machines invented by science

79.

The act of taking over and holding a place

80.

Based on the prejudice that one race is better than another. All races have individuals who practice racism.

81.

Cruelty

82.

To accept officially that a government has the right to be in power

83.

A person sent to another country as a representative

84.

A narrow strip of land

85.

Based on a judgment of right and wrong

86.

A native or inhabitant of the Philippines

87.

Area under the control of a country as a colonial possession

88.

To interfere in the affairs of another country

89.

Confusion and upset

90.

To try to reach an agreement by talking

91.

Not allowed to live in one’s own country

92.

To help two sides negotiate, as a peacemaker