HIS CW-5 KOREA

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HIS CW-5 KOREA

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

It was one of the few times the Cold War went hot. The conflict on the Korean peninsula claimed millions of lives, and set the stage for the way both sides would view each other for years to come.

A “cold war” is a war without shooting.
A “hot war” is a war that involves shooting and killing.

The Korean War devastated millions of lives, divided a people, involved troops from across the globe and threatened to erupt into a Third World War.

The Soviet Union and Communist China supported and encouraged the Communist North Koreans to invade South Korea in 1950. The U.S. and other Western countries supported South Korea

The Korean War was .....

a.	a hot war	c.	a war between North Korea and China
b.	a cold war	d.	a war between North Korea and Russia

The _____ encouraged North Korea to invade South Korea.

a.	Communist Chinese and South Korea	c.	United States
b.	Soviet Union and Communist China	d.	United Nations

In the Korean war, _____ was the aggressor.

a.	the United States	c.	South Korea
b.	the United Nations	d.	North Korea

INVASION
The surrender of Japan at the end of World War II also meant an end to 35 years of Japanese occupation in Korea. As they had in Germany, Soviet and U.S. troops liberated Korea -- and agreed to divide the nation along the 38th parallel into North and South Korea as a temporary measure.
But as both sides withdrew their troops, they also set up rival governments, creating the Communist People's Republic of Korea in the North, and the Republic of Korea in the South.

How long had Japan occupied Korea before it was liberated by the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II?

a.	20 years	c.	35 years
b.	25 years	d.	50 years

Where did the Soviet Union and the United States divide Korea into North and South after World War II?

a.	Yalu River	c.	40th parallel
b.	Chinese Border	d.	38th parallel

WAR
Stalin (the Soviet Dictator) also was heartened by the communist victory in China in 1949 and believed it was time to open an Asian front to expand Communism. On June 25, 1950, the North Korean army rolled south in a surprise assault.
In the pre-dawn hours of June 25, 1950, North Korea sent an invasion force across the 38th parallel into South Korea. The Northern forces rapidly advanced southward against the ill-equipped defenders, taking the Southern capital Seoul three days after the invasion began. The United Nations condemned North Korea's attack. The Soviet Union, was boycotting the U.N. Security Council at the time -- and was thus unable to veto the council's condemnation, which set up a U.N. force to help defend South Korea.
The United States led the U.N. force in the so-called "police action" against North Korea. But four U.S. divisions, rushed to the Korean peninsula to stop the Northern attack, could do little against a superior force. The U.N. forces were soon forced back to a perimeter around the southern port city of Pusan by early August. The U.N. and the U.S. troops were trapped in Pusan.

Why did Stalin give his support for an invasion of North Korea into South Korea.

a.	He wanted to defend Korea against Communist China	c.	He wanted to expand Capitalism in Korea
b.	Stalin did not support the invasion.	d.	He wanted to expand Communism into Asia.

North Korea took the capital of South Korea, _____ in three days.

a.	Pyongyang	c.	Korea
b.	Seoul	d.	Tokyo

Within a few weeks, the Communist North Koreans had the United Nations and the United States forces trapped in the Port of _____

a.	Pyongyang	c.	Pusan
b.	Seoul	d.	Yalu

Which statement below is true?

a.	The Unites States wanted war with North Korea	c.	The North Koreans were not prepared for war with the South
b.	The United Nations forced the Russians out of the Security Council so they could defend South Korea	d.	The United States and South Korea were not prepared for war with the North.

10.

Which of the following countries was working with the United Nations to defeat the Communists in the Korean War?

a.	United States	c.	Soviet Union
b.	Communist China	d.	North Korea

U.N. ACTS
The United States took advantage of a Soviet boycott of the United Nations to have the U.N. Security Council condemn North Korean aggression -- and create a U.N. military force that would defend South Korea.
That U.N. force included soldiers from 16 nations, with the largest contingent coming from the United States --- all under the command of U.S. Gen. Douglas MacArthur. At first, the U.N. troops were helpless against the North Korean assault -- and for a while appeared on the verge of being driven from the peninsula. But General MacArthur devised a daring attack behind North Korean lines at the port of Inchon and trapped the North Korean forces. The U.N. forces took back Seoul, the capital of South Korea and drove the Communist North Koreans back to the Yalu river at the Chinese border. General MacArthur was the hero of this offensive

11.

Who was the leader of the United Nations forces in Korea?

a.	General George Marshall	c.	Sigmund Rhee
b.	General Douglas MacArthur	d.	General George Patton

12.

General MacArthur attacked the North Koreans behind their front lines with a surprise troop landing at Inchon. What was the result of this daring plan?

a.	The U.N. forces quit and the Americans were left to fight the war themselves.	c.	The U.N. forces had to withdraw back to Japan.
b.	The U.N. forces were defeated at Inchon and their troops were isolated at the Port of Pusan	d.	Many North Korean troops were captured and the U.N. forces pushed the Communists back to the Chinese border.

13.

The Security Council at the United Nations is a group of the most important countries such as the U.S., the Soviet Union, England, France, and others. Any one country on the Security Council can block the United Nations from taking any action. Why didn’t the Soviet Union block the U.N. from taking action against Communist North Korea?

a.	The Soviets did not like North Korea	c.	The Soviets were boycotting the Security Council so the U.N. authorized action while they were absent.
b.	North Korea was not a Communist State	d.	The soviets were not part of the Security Council because they did not like the U.N

14.

What river acts as a natural boundary and separates Korea from China?

a.	Mississippi	c.	Communist Pyongyang
b.	Yalu	d.	Inchon

15.

How many United Nations were working with the United States in the Korean war?

a.	12	c.	66
b.	16	d.	96

CHINA
North Korea's neighbor, the People's Republic of China, watched with alarm as U.N. forces drove the North Koreans out of the South. MacArthur assured U.S. President Truman there was no possibility of China entering the war. But unknown to Western leaders, 500,000 Chinese -- called the People's Volunteers -- were preparing to enter Korea.
In November 1950, China attacked -- sending the surprised U.N. forces reeling southward. The U.N. forces were trapped by the Communist Chinese. The U.N. forces fought their way out of the trap and retreated South of Seoul. The Communist forces took control of the South Korean capital, Seoul, for the second time.

16.

How many Chinese soldiers joined the North Korean army to attack the U.N. forces?

a.	100,000	c.	500,000
b.	200,000	d.	1,000,000

17.

Why was China alarmed at the advance of the U.N. and U.S. to its border?

a.	China did not want Western, anti Communist forces on its border.	c.	China did not want U.N. and Soviet forces on its border
b.	China did not want Koreans on its border	d.	China wanted to control trading on the Yalu river

STALEMATE
U.N. troops stopped the advance by North Korean and Chinese forces near the 38th parallel -- and the war developed into a painful stalemate. MacArthur, had called for the bombing of Chinese cities and pursuit of the North Korean and Chinese armies into China. He warned that the U.N. forces had to destroy the North Korean and Chinese armies. He also wanted to get the Nationalist Chinese forces in Formosa to help the U.N. forces. President Truman said that Korea was not a war but a “Police Action” and he warned MacArthur to stop expressing his opinions in public. MacArthur would not be quiet so President Truman fired him.
By the summer of 1951 armistice talks began. It wasn't until July 1953, after months of pointless fighting and the death of Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin, that a cease-fire was finally agreed to. Despite the armistice, the Korean peninsula remains divided to this day -- and a potential global flashpoint

18.

Why did President Truman fire General Douglas MacArthur?

a.	The U.S. did not need a general because the Korean war was really only a police action.	c.	The North Koreans and the Communist Chinese did not like MacArthur and Truman wanted trade with the Communists.
b.	MacArthur would not obey the President and in the U.S. the civilian President is always superior to the military officers.	d.	President Truman had a better plan for winning the Korean War.

19.

After years of fighting, where was the armistice line finally drawn between North and South Korea?

a.	At the Yalu river on the Chinese border.	c.	Right where the war started, at the 38th parallel.
b.	South of Seoul	d.	North of Pyonyang

20.

An armistice is an agreement to stop fighting, it is not really a peace treaty and the nations are technically still at war. Armistice talks between the North Koreans and the United Nations started in 1951. How long was it before an armistice was finally signed.

a.	More than two years	c.	We have a peace treaty in Korea but no armistice
b.	Six months	d.	We still do not have an armistice in Korea