Gov Review B

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Gov Review B

True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.

Ours is a government of laws, not men.

In America the group (community) is more important than the individual.

The Constitution is what the Supreme Court says it is.

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

In England the principle of limited government was established by the

a.	English Bill of Rights	c.	Petition of Rights
b.	Magna Carta	d.	Declaration of Independence

The Petition of Rights of 1628, prohibited the king from

a.	calling for new elections to Parliament	c.	collecting taxes
b.	raising an army	d.	imprisoning political critics without a trial

The principle of government in which the people choose a limited number of individuals to make governmental decisions for all citizens is called

a.	representative government	c.	limited government
b.	constitutional government	d.	federalism

Which is not included in Locke's Two Treatises on Government?

a.	Everyone is born with an obligation to obey the rulers of the state.	c.	Al persons are born with the natural rights to life, liberty and property
b.	Government is legitimate only with the consent of the governed	d.	The primary purpose of government is to protect the natural rights of its people.

In the spirit of the Laws, 1848, Baron de Montesquieu suggested

a.	dividing government into three separate branches	c.	that countries are better off without a written constitution
b.	establishing federal systems	d.	that only an absolute monarchy can protect the natural rights of the people

The first British colony in North America was established by Sir Walter Raleigh at

a.	Plymouth Bay	c.	Roanoke
b.	St. Augustine	d.	Williamsburg

10.

The first written constitution in North America was the

a.	Fundamental Orders of Connecticut	c.	Articles of Confederation
b.	Virginia Company Charter	d.	Mayflower Compact

11.

Which did not cause the colonists' grievances against the British government?

a.	the Navigation Acts of 1651	c.	the French and Indian War
b.	the Proclamation of 1763	d.	the Stamp Act of 1765

12.

Which is not true of the Second Continental Congress?

a.	It assumed the powers of central government	c.	It adopted the Declaration of Independence
b.	It raised an army and made Washington its commander in chief	d.	It published the revolutionary pamphlet, Common Sense

13.

The document that asserted the intention of the colonies to establish their own sovereign government was the

a.	Declaration of Independence	c.	Articles of Confederation
b.	Proclamation of 1763	d.	Constitution of 1789

14.

Which is not part of the Declaration of independence?

a.	the belief that all men are obligated to obey the divinely anointed monarch	c.	that the purpose of government is to protect the individuals natural rights
b.	the belief that natural rights are inherent and cannot be taken away by government	d.	that government derives its power from the consent of the governed

15.

A confederation is best characterized by

a.	the centralized nature of its political power	c.	it s democratic organization
b.	the limited responsibility and authority of the central government	d.	the independence of its executive authority

16.

Pilgrims from the Mayflower established a colony in 1620 at

a.	Plymouth	c.	Roanoke
b.	St. Augustine	d.	Williamsburg

17.

Which if not true of the government under the Articles of Confederation?

a.	Congress had one house	c.	the states retained their sovereignty
b.	Amendments required the consent of all the states	d.	There was a strong independent executive

18.

Which is true of the government under the Articles of Confederation?

a.	Each state sent two representatives and one senator to Congress	c.	The governors of each state selected the state representatives to Congress
b.	Each State's representation in Congress depended upon its population	d.	States could send two to seven ambassadors to Congress, but each state had only one vote

19.

Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress had all the following powers except

a.	the power to establish and control the armed forces	c.	the power to declare war
b.	the power to establish an overall federal court system	d.	the power to fix standards of weights and measures

20.

Under the powers granted by the Articles of Confederation, Congress

a.	declared war on Great Britain	c.	signed the Treaty of Paris with Great Britain
b.	pushed French troops north into Canada, and out of United States territory	d.	moved Native American tribes west of the Mississippi river

21.

Which was a weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

a.	Congress forced the states to meet military quotas.	c.	Congress could issue paper money, but could not control coinage
b.	Any three states could require an amendment to the Articles	d.	Congress could not impose direct taxes on all citizens.

22.

The 1786 convention with delegates from five states that issued a report calling for a constitutional convention to create a stronger central government was held in

a.	Williamsburg	c.	Annapolis
b.	Philadelphia	d.	Boston

23.

the only state not represented at the Constitutional convention was

a.	Georgia	c.	Rhode Island
b.	New York	d.	Maryland

24.

Who was the presiding officer of the Constitutional Convention?

a.	George Washington	c.	Alexander Hamilton
b.	Thomas Jefferson	d.	Benjamin Franklin

25.

Which was not part of the Virginia Plan?

a.	a unicameral legislature chosen by the state	c.	a national court system
b.	a national executive chosen by the legislature	d.	each state had representation in congress according to its population

26.

Commerce among the states

a.	is called intrastate commerce	c.	is called interstate commerce
b.	is prohibited by the Constitution	d.	was left up to each state to regulate by the Constitution

27.

The formal approval or adoption of a constitution or amendment is called

a.	enrollment	c.	ratification
b.	an agenda	d.	a grievance

28.

The party that strongly objected to the proposed Constitution was the

a.	Democratic-Republican	c.	Nationals
b.	Whig	d.	anti-Federalist

29.

The advantage of the Anti-Federalists was that they

a.	had prestige, time, and a better organization	c.	stood for the status quo
b.	had the support of the upper classes	d.	had control of the debate

30.

Who among the following was not one of the authors of the Federalist Papers?

a.	Alexander Hamilton	c.	John Jay
b.	Patrick Henry	d.	James Madison

31.

The strongest argument of the anti-Federalists against the proposed Constitution was that it

a.	was too democratic	c.	retained too much independence for the states
b.	lacked a bill of rights	d.	threatened the commercial development of the nation

32.

The government of the nation under the new Constitution was first located in

a.	Boston	c.	New York
b.	Washington D.C.	d.	Alexandria

33.

If you wanted information about your United States Senator, the best place to look would be the

a.	Statistical Abstract of the U.S.	c.	Book of States
b.	Congressional Directory	d.	The White House Directory

34.

_____ is the process by which Congress determines which public policy questions it will debate or consider.

a.	a veto	c.	a cloture
b.	agenda setting	d.	a straw vote

35.

_____ were those who opposed the U.S. Constitution during the fight over its ratification. They believed the Constitution was class-based, that it would undermine state powers, and that it would decay basic civil rights.

a.	Federalists	c.	Republicans
b.	Anti-Federalists	d.	Democrats

36.

A _____ organization has two sections or, literally, "rooms." The Congress is a _____ institution, since it has two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives.

a.	parliamentary	c.	bicameral
b.	unicameral	d.	legislative

37.

An organized refusal by consumers to buy specific goods, usually in protest against certain conditions of production or manufacturing.

a.	boycott	c.	veto
b.	cloture	d.	convention

38.

A document issued by a government that grants rights to a person, group of persons, or a corporation to carry on a certain activity.

a.	conviction	c.	trust
b.	character	d.	charter

39.

A _____ is a group of states or nations permanently allied for a common purpose. Its central government is usually much less powerful than its individual components' governments. The United Nations is one example.

a.	nation	c.	unicameral state
b.	bicameral state	d.	confederation

40.

People who are authorized to speak, vote, or otherwise act on behalf of others. (Representatives from state political parties to a national party convention serve as _____ to that convention.)

a.	delegates	c.	boards of directors
b.	presidents	d.	members

41.

Goods that a nation produces and sells to other nations

a.	imports	c.	transports
b.	exports	d.	trade

42.

A _____ is a group or bloc within a political party or the legislature whose members work together to achieve some special interest or advance a certain position.

a.	cloture	c.	faction
b.	delegate	d.	nationalist

43.

A _____ was a supporter of ratifying the first Constitution and of creating a federal union. Were proponents of strong central government.

a.	Democrat	c.	Federalist
b.	Republican	d.	Anti-Federalist

44.

Held in 1774, the _____ was the first formal assembly of the delegates from 12 of the 13 colonies (excluding Rhode Island). The Congress convened in Philadelphia from September 5 to October 26, during which period it adopted the Declaration of Rights and Grievances to protest Great Britain's enactment of the Coercive Acts against Massachusetts.

a.	Massachusetts Convention	c.	Second Continental Congress
b.	Virginia Legislative Session	d.	First Continental Congress

45.

America's first written constitution which called for a representative assembly, made up of elected representatives from each town to serve in that assembly and to make laws. It also called for the popular election of a governor and judges.

a.	Fundamental Orders of Connecticut	c.	Articles of Confederation
b.	Declaration of Independence	d.	U.S. Constitution

46.

Roger Sherman's plan to resolve the large-state/small-state controversy during the Constitutional Convention. He proposed a bicameral legislature in which representation in the lower chamber (the House of Representatives) would be based on population, and each state, regardless of size, would have an equal number of representatives in the upper chamber (the Senate).

a.	Pennsylvania Plan	c.	Virginia Plan
b.	Great Compromise	d.	New Jersey Plan

47.

Complaint

a.	grievance	c.	filibuster
b.	veto	d.	cloture

48.

Trade between two or more states.

a.	intrastate commerce	c.	vouchers
b.	interstate commerce	d.	mercantilism

49.

Government bodies primarily responsible for the making of laws.

a.	judicial bodies	c.	executive bodies
b.	departments	d.	legislature

50.

The legal authority of the officials, acts, and institutions of government, conferred by the people on the grounds that the government's actions are an appropriate use of power and that the government is a legally constituted authority.

a.	writ	c.	legitimacy
b.	contract	d.	autonomous

51.

A form of government in which the state serves public instead of private interests, is based on the use of a written document that strictly controls the powers of government, such as the U.S. Constitution. General public understanding of this role also constrains the government's power. This system uses institutional checks to make sure the government does not overstep its bounds

a.	divine right of kings	c.	unlimited government
b.	limited government	d.	autonomous government

52.

The great charter that King John of England was forced to sign in 1215 as protection against the absolute powers of the monarchy. It included such fundamental rights as trial by jury and due process of law.

a.	English Bill of Rights	c.	Mayflower Compact
b.	Magna Carta	d.	Penn Treaty

53.

A document that stated that laws were to be made for the general good of the people, drawn up by Pilgrim leaders in 1620

a.	Mayflower Compact	c.	English Bill of Rights
b.	Magna Carta	d.	American Bill of Rights

54.

Individuals who feel strong loyalty and devotion to their nation.

a.	abortionists	c.	internationalists
b.	anti-nationalist	d.	nationalists

55.

Restrictions placed on colonial activity from 1651 to 1750 by Great Britain, which include the condition that only English ships could be used for trade within the British Empire

a.	Boston Tea Party	c.	Declaritory Act
b.	Stamp Act	d.	Navigation Act

56.

A plan proposed by William Paterson during the Constitutional Convention, which called for equal representation by all states (thereby favoring the smaller states).

a.	Virginia Plan	c.	New Jersey Plan
b.	Pennsylvania Plan	d.	Maryland Plan

57.

A 1787 congressional act that established a basic pattern for how states should govern new territories north of the Ohio River

a.	Declaritory Act	c.	Northwest Ordinance
b.	Mississippi Valley Ordinance	d.	Monroe Doctrine

58.

The name of the national legislative body in countries like England, Canada and France.

a.	House of Representatives	c.	House of the Senate
b.	Parliament	d.	Lower Chamber

59.

A model

a.	session	c.	prototype
b.	term	d.	substitute

60.

To formally approve or give final consent to a constitution, constitutional amendment, or treaty

a.	veto	c.	cloture
b.	ratify	d.	vote

61.

A/An _____ is a legislature whose members are individuals who represent the population

a.	presidential department	c.	executive commission
b.	representative assembly	d.	jury

62.

The _____ , held from May 1775 to early 1781, established the Continental Army and led the colonies throughout the American Revolution. It is best remembered for its adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. It was succeeded by the Confederation Congress after the adoption of the Articles of Confederation in 1781

a.	First Continental Congress	c.	Second Continental Congress
b.	Constitutional Convention	d.	Independence Convention

63.

An act passed by the British Parliament in 1765 which placed the first direct tax on the colonies. The _____ required the use of tax stamps on all legal documents, newspapers, pamphlets, playing cards, and certain business agreements.

a.	Stamp Act	c.	Legal Document Act
b.	Postage Stamp Act	d.	Intolerable Act

64.

status quo

a.	The status of the passage of a congressional bill	c.	The status of a quorum
b.	Changes in government action	d.	The existing state of affairs.

65.

A tax, imposed by the British Parliament in 1764, on all sugar imported into the American colonies

a.	Sweet Tax	c.	Sweet and Low Act
b.	Confectionery Act	d.	Sugar Act

66.

A compromise reached during the Constitutional Convention in which it was agreed that _____ of all slaves were to be counted both for tax purposes and for representation in the House of Representatives.

a.	one-half	c.	three-fifths
b.	one-quarter	d.	three-quarters

67.

A fifteen-resolution plan proposed by Governor Edmund Randolph during the Constitutional Convention. It recommended an entirely new national government favoring the larger states; it included a bicameral legislature, a national executive branch, and a national court system.

a.	New Jersey Plan	c.	Pennsylvania Plan
b.	Virginia Plan	d.	Articles of Confederation

68.

Trade between two or more states

a.	intrastate commerce	c.	multi-lateral state exchange
b.	interstate commerce	d.	intrastate trade

69.

Government bodies primarily responsible for the making of laws

a.	legislatures	c.	judicial bodies
b.	executive departments	d.	congressional perks

70.

a.	illegitimacy	c.	legal-writ
b.	legitimacy	d.	writ of habeas-corpus

71.

Today the Constitution serves as

a.	plan of government	c.	an outline of the ideals of American government
b.	supreme law of the land	d.	all of the above.

72.

Which is NOT a role of the Constitution today?

a.	It tells us what our rights are	c.	It describes how the ideals of American government should be achieved
b.	gives unlimited authority to the government	d.	It is the supreme law of the land.

73.

Which is NOT true about the Constitution?

a.	It is relatively brief, having only about 7000 words.	c.	It gives a general framework rather than specific details of government.
b.	It has not been changed since it was ratified.	d.	It has seven articles.

74.

Article I of the Constitution establishes

a.	rights of the people.	c.	purposes of the Constitution and American government.
b.	national and state governments.	d.	legislative branch of government.

75.

Article III of the Constitution establishes

a.	the Bill of Rights.	c.	the system of election.
b.	the states.	d.	the judicial branch of government

76.

The process of amending the Constitution is set up in

a.	Article II	c.	Article V.
b.	Article III	d.	Article VII.

77.

The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution are generally called the

a.	Preamble	c.	Civil War Amendments
b.	Bill of Rights	d.	American Creed

78.

Under a limited government, all citizens must live according to

a.	civil rights	c.	the rule of law
b.	popular sovereignty	d.	equal protection

79.

The constitutional principle that the people are the source of any power given to the government is called

a.	limited government	c.	separation of powers
b.	popular sovereignty	d.	federalism

80.

The constitutional principle by which the powers of government are divided into three branches is called

a.	separation of powers	c.	representative democracy
b.	popular sovereignty	d.	federalism

81.

A president's veto of a bill passed by Congress best illustrates the principle of

a.	federalism	c.	checks and balances
b.	separation of powers	d.	commerce clause

82.

What did the founders do to prevent the rise of tyranny?

a.	They established the principle of judicial review	c.	They called for a special session of Congress
b.	They separated the powers of the government	d.	They developed the principle of executive privilege

83.

Which is the BEST example of a judicial check on the Congress?

a.	declaring a law unconstitutional	c.	granting a writ of certiorari
b.	writing a minority opinion of the court	d.	reconsidering a controversial decision

84.

What is one way that Congress has a check on the president's authority?

a.	The Senate must approve of Supreme Court nominees	c.	The Congress can declare any presidential action unconstitutional
b.	The House must administer any presidential order.	d.	None of the above

85.

What would be the best example of a Supreme Court check on the Congress?

a.	The Supreme Court can override a congressional veto.	c.	The Supreme Court can carry out laws without congressional approval
b.	The Supreme Court can ignore legislation under the writ of mandamus	d.	The Supreme Court can declare congressional legislation unconstitutiona

86.

When a law is declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court,

a.	Congress may override the decision by a two-thirds vote of both houses	c.	the president must concur with the court for the law to be invalid
b.	the law is null and void	d.	the Congress must amend the Constitution

87.

The case of Marbury v. Madison is important because it established the constitutional precedent of

a.	national supremacy	c.	judicial review
b.	civil rights	d.	executive privilege

88.

The Constitution's guarantee of freedom of religion and speech best illustrates the constitutional principle of

a.	federalism	c.	limited government
b.	popular sovereignty	d.	checks and balances

89.

Which constitutional principle is better illustrated when the Senate rejects a presidential nominee for the Supreme Court?

a.	separation of powers	c.	judicial review
b.	checks and balances	d.	limited government

90.

The person most responsible for drafting the Bill of Rights was

a.	James Madison	c.	Thomas Jefferson
b.	John Adams	d.	Benjamin Franklin

91.

The part of the Constitution that sets out the basic guarantees of freedom and fair treatment by the government is found in

a.	the Preamble	c.	the Bill of Rights
b.	Article III	d.	the Articles of Ratification

92.

Formal amendments to the Constitution may be proposed by

a.	an executive order of the President, ratified by the Senate	c.	a resolution passed by Congress and signed by the president
b.	a resolution passed by a two-thirds vote of both houses of Congress.	d.	a National Convention, called by Congress at the request of three quarters of the states

93.

Twenty-five of the twenty-six constitutional amendments have been ratified by

a.	three-fourths of the state legislatures	c.	special conventions called for that purpose in three-fourths of the states
b.	a three-fourths vote of a National Convention, elected for that purpose	d.	referendums in two-thirds of the states.

94.

Which is NOT a significant reason for the adoption of so few suggested constitutional amendments?

a.	It is very difficult to get the support necessary in three-fourths of the states	c.	Competing social, economic and political interests make it difficult to command the broad support necessary to ratify an amendment
b.	The constitutional requirements for a two-thirds vote of both houses of' Congress is very difficult to achieve.	d.	Only 33 have been suggested

95.

Which is NOT one of the methods in which the Constitution has been informally "amended" or changed?

a.	Congressional law-making	c.	popular referendums
b.	presidential actions	d.	political parties

96.

An example of how presidents can informally amend the Constitution by their actions is

a.	nominating a new member of the Supreme Court	c.	submitting treaties to the Senate for ratification
b.	the use of executive agreements	d.	signing a bill into law

97.

An order issued by a court to force a government to do something is called a

a.	writ of habeas corpus	c.	writ of mandamus
b.	bill of attainder	d.	writ of certiorari

98.

Which would NOT be considered a primary source?

a.	an autobiography	c.	a newspaper editorial
b.	a court record	d.	a government textbook

99.

Which primary source would probably be more accurate and reliable?

a.	photograph	c.	political cartoon
b.	personal journal	d.	letter

100.

As commander in chief of the armed forces under the Constitution, which president sent American forces into conflict without a declaration of war by Congress?

a.	Franklin D. Roosevelt	c.	J. Edgar Hoover
b.	Lyndon B. Johnson	d.	none of the above

101.

An introductory statement to an official document that usually explains the document's goals and purposes.

a.	appendix	c.	preamble
b.	table of contents	d.	preface

102.

Contained in Article VI of the Constitution, the _____ orders that federal laws and legitimate, constitutional federal actions preempt state and local laws and actions when there is a conflict between the two. According to Article VI, the main law of the land comprises the Constitution, the national government if it acts constitutionally, and all treaties. The clause helped shift the United States from a loose confederation of states to a more centralized federal system

a.	supremacy clause	c.	equal protection clause
b.	preamble	d.	Bill of Rights

103.

Written changes or additions to a law or body of laws, such as the United States Constitution.

a.	Article V	c.	Writ of Mandamus
b.	amendments	d.	email

104.

A basic principle of government that accompanies constitutional supremacy which states that government shall be carried out according to established law, and that both those who govern and those who are governed will be bound by this law

a.	democracy	c.	republicanism
b.	federalism	d.	rule of law

105.

The arbitrary or unrestrained exercise of power by an oppressive individual or government

a.	democracy	c.	federalism
b.	communism	d.	tyranny

106.

Based on the separation of government power into executive, legislative, and judicial branches, the _____ of government was devised by President James Madison (1809-17). He created the plan in response to early fears that the federal government would become tyrannical, reasoning that if the powers were separate, no one of them would be able to dominate the others. The whole system was, and still is, regulated by checks and balances.

a.	Madisonian model	c.	Dolly Madison plan
b.	Jeffersonian model	d.	The Anti-Federalism Madison plan

107.

Part of a system designed to limit a government's power by mandating that the power be balanced among all the government's different institutions. Each of these institutions has specific areas of control over activities of the other institutions to make sure that no one of them becomes tyrannical.

a.	checks and balances	c.	Confederation
b.	Anti-Federalism	d.	Democracy

108.

The Constitution requires that the president must see every bill passed by both houses of Congress before it becomes law. The president has the power to _____, or disapprove, any of these bills. If two-thirds or more of the membership of each house votes against the veto, they can override the president's decision.

a.	verify	c.	veto
b.	certify	d.	filibuster

109.

_____ is a power of the courts to decide whether federal and state laws or acts by the executive and legislative branches are constitutional. Is one way to change the Constitution and adapt it to modern situations.

a.	writ of Mandamus	c.	judicial veto
b.	judicial review	d.	Amending

110.

Contrary to constitutional provisions and so invalid.

a.	unconstitutional	c.	veto
b.	constitutional	d.	impeachment

111.

A _____ of government (federalism) is one in which the constitution divides power between a central government and regional governments, such as those in states. Each level of government has constitutional guarantees that its power is dominant within certain domains, but in general the levels share formal authority over the same territory and citizens.

a.	federation	c.	federal system
b.	confederation	d.	constitutional form

112.

A _____ is a writ issued by a superior court that mandates or directs a specified course of action to be taken by an inferior court or other officer of the state

a.	writ of appeal	c.	ceriorie
b.	writ of ex post facto	d.	mandamus

113.

To rescind or do away with legislation.

a.	cash	c.	modify
b.	impeach	d.	repeal

114.

The _____ is a provision of the Constitution that came about through the 1824 Supreme Court case of Gibbons v. Ogden. The court's decision helped create the basis for a national economy in which business could occur freely among the states. However, the clause put power over interstate commerce completely in the federal government's hands and forbade states to impose tariffs or taxes on their own exports.

a.	NAFTA	c.	commerce clause
b.	tariff clause	d.	business clause

115.

A/An _____ agreement is an international agreement reached between the president and the head of another nation without obtaining senatorial approval.

a.	executive	c.	Senatorial
b.	congressional	d.	judicial

116.

A _____ is a group of advisers appointed by the president. In the United States, members are called "secretaries." They are the heads of the federal government's executive departments.

a.	cell	c.	cabinet
b.	caucus	d.	"round table"

117.

The period of time during which a public official holds office.

a.	lame duck	c.	session
b.	tenure	d.	semester