Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the
statement or answers the question.
|
|
|
MAIN IDEAS
|
|
1.
|
All of the following are examples of groups that promote causes EXCEPT
the
a. | American Civil Liberties Union. | b. | American Legion. | c. | National Rifle
Association. | d. | Sierra Club. |
|
|
2.
|
A labor union is an organization of workers who
a. | hold exactly the same political beliefs. | b. | represent the
interests of the business community. | c. | work in the same job or
industry. | d. | work on farms. |
|
|
3.
|
The term grass roots refers to
a. | trade associations. | b. | party politicians. | c. | average
voters. | d. | interest groups. |
|
|
4.
|
An interest group tries to persuade people to
a. | find ways to cooperate privately. | b. | nominate certain members for public
office. | c. | respond to its members' shared attitudes. | d. | join a political
party. |
|
|
5.
|
Trade associations usually represent
a. | farm workers. | b. | labor unions. | c. | non-profit
groups. | d. | the business community. |
|
|
6.
|
A positive aspect of interest groups is that they
a. | help stimulate interest in public affairs. | b. | eliminate the need
for factions in government. | c. | use propaganda to influence public
policy. | d. | have a strong influence on political parties. |
|
|
7.
|
All of the following are propaganda techniques EXCEPT
a. | presenting only one side of an issue. | b. | using glittering
generalities. | c. | supporting a government policy change. | d. | the bandwagon
approach. |
|
|
8.
|
One way interest groups become involved in the election process is by
a. | providing campaign funds. | b. | changing into a labor
union. | c. | having members secretly join political parties. | d. | nominating
candidates for office. |
|
|
9.
|
Interest groups are also called pressure groups mainly because
a. | they seek to put pressure on the government to affect policies. | b. | they put pressure on
individuals to join in the group's interests. | c. | belonging to a group can create pressure, or
stress, in one's life. | d. | they put pressure on group members to act in
certain ways. |
|
|
10.
|
Common Cause and the League of Women Voters are examples of
a. | private pressure groups. | b. | business groups. | c. | economic
groups. | d. | public-interest groups. |
|
|
11.
|
Most interest groups are formed on the basis of
a. | religious interests. | b. | economic interests. | c. | geographic
interests. | d. | the interests of all citizens. |
|
|
12.
|
Interest groups know that public opinion is important because
a. | laws cannot be passed in opposition of public opinion. | b. | no group can provide
enough information to alter public opinion. | c. | no policy will stay in place very long without
public support. | d. | a candidate cannot gain office without full public
support. |
|
|
13.
|
Single-interest groups try to affect elections based on
a. | which party is in power at the time. | b. | each candidate's stand, in regard to the
groups' interests. | c. | the candidate's party
affiliation. | d. | the broad views of all the candidates. |
|
|
14.
|
Lobbyists today are people who generally
a. | work within the governmental process to affect policies. | b. | work illegally to
get their group's needs met. | c. | use unfair propaganda to get a group's
point across. | d. | are hired by the government to support certain
policies. |
|
|
15.
|
Propaganda is a technique
a. | used to express the truth about a matter of public policy. | b. | based on logical
conclusions. | c. | used to influence people to adopt a particular belief. | d. | that depends upon
people's preferences. |
|
|
16.
|
Public affairs are those events and issues
a. | that concern only officeholders in government. | b. | that concern only
the President and the executive branch. | c. | that concern all or most
people. | d. | that are held or discussed in public places. |
|
|
17.
|
A public-interest group is different from any other interest group because
it
a. | hides its activities and beliefs from the public. | b. | works to benefit
many or all people, regardless of their affiliations. | c. | focuses on the roles that make Americans
different from one another. | d. | chooses to work for more specific goals rather
than broader goals. |
|
|
18.
|
Interest groups are MOST interested in
a. | nominating specific candidates for office. | b. | winning a broad
range of elections. | c. | influencing specific public
policies. | d. | affecting a broad range of public policy issues. |
|
|
19.
|
Unlike the major political parties, interest groups
a. | do not nominate candidates for office. | b. | do not attempt to influence the policies of
government. | c. | try to influence public opinion. | d. | are accountable to the public as a
whole. |
|
|
20.
|
All of the following are criticisms of interest groups EXCEPT
a. | It is hard to tell how many people they represent. | b. | They may have an
influence far greater than their size. | c. | They keep a close watch on public
officials. | d. | They do not necessarily represent the people for whom they claim to
speak. |
|
|
21.
|
The American Medical Association and the American Bar Association are examples
of
a. | labor groups. | b. | professional groups. | c. | trade
associations. | d. | business groups. |
|
|
22.
|
All of the following organizations serve the interests of organized labor EXCEPT
the
a. | AFL-CIO. | b. | National Grange. | c. | United
Transportation Union. | d. | United Mine
Workers. |
|
|
23.
|
PACs that concentrate their efforts on one particular issue are also
called
a. | single-interest groups. | b. | trade associations. | c. | labor
unions. | d. | public-interest groups. |
|
|
24.
|
Organized interest groups apply pressure to government through all of the
following means EXCEPT
a. | the use of propaganda. | b. | forming minor political
parties. | c. | lobbying. | d. | contributing to political campaigns through
their PACs. |
|
|
25.
|
Lobbying is the process by which group pressures are applied to
a. | legislative bodies. | b. | executive agencies. | c. | judicial
courts. | d. | all aspects of the public policy-making process. |
|
|
26.
|
All of the following are goals of interest groups EXCEPT
a. | supplying the public with information they believe the people should
have. | b. | building a positive image for their group. | c. | promoting a
particular public policy. | d. | being chiefly interested in winning elections
and controlling government. |
|
|
27.
|
Pressure groups operate
a. | only at the national level of government. | b. | at the State and
local levels. | c. | only within the legislative branch. | d. | at all levels of
government. |
|
|
28.
|
Propaganda techniques aim to be
a. | persuasive. | b. | objective. | c. | unethical. | d. | immoral. |
|
|
|
INTERPRETING POLITICAL CARTOONS Use the cartoon to answer the
following questions.
![nar002-1.jpg](gov_ch_9_and_vocab__files/nar002-1.jpg)
|
|
29.
|
Why would an interest group send a telegram to the speaker?
a. | to express an opinion on an issue | b. | to vote the speaker into
office | c. | to respond to a poll | d. | to criticize the
speaker |
|
|
30.
|
What does the speaker mean by "a telegram that's just poured
in"?
a. | one with a message supported by many people | b. | one that arrived
suddenly and without warning | c. | one that is very forceful and
demanding | d. | one that came from a very long distance |
|
|
31.
|
What is the speaker probably going to talk about?
a. | one person's problem | b. | a new law | c. | an interest
group's issue | d. | his election |
|
|
32.
|
The speaker is probably a(n)
a. | officeholder. | b. | lobbyist. | c. | ordinary
citizen. | d. | business executive. |
|
|
33.
|
Why would the speaker use the words "poured in" to describe a
telegram?
a. | to demonstrate that he disagrees with the telegram | b. | to dismiss the
telegram | c. | to indicate that he has received many telegrams on the issue | d. | to suggest that the
telegram writer is "all wet" |
|
|
34.
|
The main topic of the cartoon is
a. | how Congress works. | b. | lobbying. | c. | abuses by the
media. | d. | communication. |
|
|
35.
|
Although interest groups do not try to attract large numbers of voters, they DO
try to attract
a. | favorable attention from lawmakers. | b. | nominations to public
office. | c. | stricter limits on campaign spending. | d. | the support of political
parties. |
|
|
36.
|
James Madison viewed the existence of “factions,” or interest
groups, as one reason for
a. | the break between Great Britain and the colonies. | b. | adopting the
Constitution. | c. | a republican form of government. | d. | the Connecticut
Compromise. |
|
|
37.
|
Interest groups perform positive functions for which of the following
groups?
a. | their members | b. | government officials | c. | the public
at-large | d. | all of the above |
|
|
38.
|
Which of the following sayings BEST describes a characteristic of interest
groups?
a. | “Don’t count your chickens before they’re
hatched.” | b. | “There’s strength in numbers.” | c. | “If wishes
were horses, beggars would ride.” | d. | “A bird in the hand is worth two in the
bush.” |
|
|
39.
|
Which of the following would address one of the criticisms of interest
groups?
a. | a requirement that members must contribute financially to the
group | b. | limiting their sphere of influence to the State level | c. | a law requiring them
to obtain the signatures of their members before a policy decision is made | d. | a law preventing
them from providing information to government officials |
|
|
40.
|
Which of the following is true of both interest groups and minor parties?
a. | some are based on economic interests | b. | some are based on the promotion of certain
causes | c. | some are based on religion | d. | both a and b |
|
|
41.
|
Interest groups
a. | take care not to express views that are critical of other interest
groups. | b. | frequently conflict with one another. | c. | are most often based on
religion. | d. | must have at least one thousand members. |
|
|
42.
|
While the number of farmers in this country has declined sharply, the influence
of farmers on the government’s agricultural policies has
a. | also declined. | b. | remained significant. | c. | risen. | d. | been replaced by other business
groups. |
|
|
43.
|
Interest groups are accountable to
a. | other interest groups. | b. | their members. | c. | the
voters. | d. | both b and c |
|
|
44.
|
If labor groups can be said to focus on _____, then public-interest groups can
be said to focus on _____.
a. | the trees/the forest | b. | the big picture/the smaller
picture | c. | influencing government/influencing the public | d. | nominating
candidates/electing candidates |
|
|
45.
|
While the media try to influence _____, interest groups try to influence
_____.
a. | what people think about/what people think | b. | politicians/voters | c. | what people think/what people think
about | d. | voters/politicians |
|
|
46.
|
Political parties try not to alienate large numbers of voters. Interest groups
try not to alienate
a. | PACs. | b. | those who make public
policy. | c. | other interest groups. | d. | voters. |
|
|
47.
|
It is reasonable to assume that, as the cost of campaigning for public office
has risen,
a. | the influence of interest groups on elected officials has
declined. | b. | so too has the number of public offices. | c. | so too has the
influence of interest groups on elected officials. | d. | the length of the average campaign has
declined. |
|
|
48.
|
An interest group’s work is over when
a. | the legislation they favor or oppose is passed or defeated. | b. | the election is
over. | c. | both a and b | d. | none of the
above |
|
|
49.
|
The tools of the lobbyist include all of the following EXCEPT
a. | the voters. | b. | reports and articles. | c. | the mass
media. | d. | legislators. |
|
Essay
|
|
|
CRITICAL THINKING
|
|
50.
|
Expressing Problems Clearly How could an interest group's policies
not be in the best interests of other Americans?
|